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Author: Anh-Migrate

A-18 Water and energy demand – screening and simplified LCA

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Aspect

A-18 Water and energy demand – screening and simplified LCA
Description
 This aspect concerns the water and energy demand on the construction site. Energy and water are consumed both for the construction of the building and for the workers’ accommodation.

Related study objective

 ☒ stand-alone LCA ☒ comparative assertion

Related study phase

 ☒ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
goal and scope definition inventory analysis (LCI) impact assessment (LCIA) interpretation reporting

Relevant for
new buildings existing buildings building products screening LCA simplified LCA complete LCA
Provisions Water and energy consumption on the construction site should be considered in accordance with the corresponding study type. It may be included in the context of a screening or simplified LCA.
Rules from:
 EN 15978: 8.5 Scenarios for the construction process stage (Modules A4-A5) 
Guidance
 The practitioner should use default values (ratios) for screening and simplified LCA. Such data can be defined with stakeholders. Practitioners should refer to the guidance on cut-off rules, if relevant.

A-19 Water and energy demand during construction – complete LCA

Written on .

Aspect

A-19 Water and energy demand during construction – complete LCA
Description
 This aspect concerns the water and energy demand on the construction site. Energy and water are consumed both for the construction of the building and for the workers’ accommodation.

Related study objective

 ☒ stand-alone LCA ☒ comparative assertion

Related study phase

 ☒ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
goal and scope definition inventory analysis (LCI) impact assessment (LCIA) interpretation reporting

Relevant for
new buildings existing buildings building products screening LCA simplified LCA complete LCA
Provisions The water and energy demand may be included in complete LCA if it is relevant for the goal and scope of the study (e.g. a construction company might have more interest than a building designer in this aspect).Water and energy consumption on the construction site should be considered for a complete LCA, if it does not fall under the cut-off rules.
Rules from:
 EN 15978: 8.5 Scenarios for the construction process stage (Modules A4-A5)

EN 15804: 

6.3.4.3 Construction stage
Guidance
 The practitioner should use detailed calculations based on the amount of water and energy consumption from meter readings on site. These experimental data should be linked to LCA data covering upstream (potabilization) and downstream (waste water treatment) processes for the water-related impacts, and upstream processes for the energy consumption (supply) for complete LCA. Refer to the cut-off rules guidance if relevant.

A-20 Construction wastes – screening and simplified LCA

Written on .

Aspect

A-20 Construction wastes –  screening and simplified LCA
Description
 The construction of a building generates considerable cutting waste. Should such waste be considered in the context of a screening or simplified LCA?

Related study objective

 ☒ stand-alone LCA ☒ comparative assertion

Related study phase

 ☒ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
goal and scope definition inventory analysis (LCI) impact assessment (LCIA) interpretation reporting

Relevant for
new buildings existing buildings building products screening LCA simplified LCA complete LCA
Provisions Construction waste may be included in a screening or simplified LCA if it is relevant for the goal and scope of the study (e.g. a construction company might have more interest than a building designer in this aspect).
Rules from:
 EN 15978: 
8.5 Scenarios for the construction process stage (Modules A4-A5)

EN 15804: 
6.2.3 A4-A5, Construction process stage, information modules
Guidance
 In some EPDs, waste during installation into the building may be documented. The practitioner should use default values (e.g. ratios) for screening and simplified LCA. This information might be a default loss of product on site per type of product, or else the practitioner might use a global average, e.g. 5%, to see whether this aspect is significant in the final LCA results. If a construction waste is included, the impact of production related to the loss of product should be quantified within Module A5.WRAP has consulted with UK industry and has provided baseline and good practice wastage rates for most construction material types, which could be used in the absence of other data.

A-21 Construction wastes – complete LCA

Written on .

Aspect

A-21 Construction wastes – complete LCA
Description
 The construction of a building generates considerable cutting waste. Should such waste be considered in the context of a complete LCA?

Related study objective

 ☒ stand-alone LCA ☒ comparative assertion

Related study phase

 ☒ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
goal and scope definition inventory analysis (LCI) impact assessment (LCIA) interpretation reporting

Relevant for
new buildings existing buildings building products screening LCA simplified LCA complete LCA
Provisions Construction waste should be included in a complete LCA if it is relevant for the goal and scope of the study, provided it does not fall under cut-off-rules (e.g. a construction company might have more interest than a building designer in this aspect).
Rules from:
 EN 15978: 8.5 Scenarios for the construction process stage (Modules A4-A5)

EN 15804: 

6.2.3 A4-A5, Construction process stage, information modules
Guidance
 Site wastage may be considerable, and has impacts both from manufacture and transport of the material and from transport and waste processing and disposal of the wastes.In some EPDs, wastes during installation into the building may be documented (e.g. in the current French EPDs, loss of product on site is reported). The practitioner should use detailed calculations for complete LCA. If a construction waste is included, the impact of production related to the loss of product should be quantified within he Module A5. Similarly, the scenario for the type of waste disposal and wastage rate used should be considered relative to the building situation.WRAP has consulted with UK industry, and has provided baseline and good practice wastage rates for most construction material types, which could be used in the absence of other data.

A-22 Prefabrication of building products – screening and simplified LCA

Written on .

Aspect

A-22 Prefabrication of building products – screening and simplified LCA
Description
 This aspect refers to the off-site construction assembly of prefabricated products such as reinforced concrete. Should the off-site construction be considered in the context of a screening or simplified LCA?

Related study objective

 ☒ stand-alone LCA ☒ comparative assertion

Related study phase

 ☒ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
goal and scope definition inventory analysis (LCI) impact assessment (LCIA) interpretation reporting

Relevant for
new buildings existing buildings building products screening LCA simplified LCA complete LCA
Provisions Prefabrication should be considered in the context of a screening or simplified LCA. The manufacture of building products should be included in Modules A1–A3, and their transport in Module A4. Only the impacts of their installation (waste, machinery etc.) are included in Module A5, based on cut-off rules.
Rules from:
 EN 15978: 8.5 Scenarios for the construction process stage (Modules A4-A5)
Guidance
 The practitioner should use default values (e.g. based on generic data or ratios) for screening or simplified LCA. Such data can be defined with stakeholders.

A-23 Prefabrication of building products – complete LCA

Written on .

Aspect

A-23 Prefabrication of building products – complete LCA
Description
 This aspect refers to the off-site construction assembly of prefabricated product such as reinforced concrete. Should the off-site construction be included in the context of a complete LCA?

Related study objective

 ☒ stand-alone LCA ☒ comparative assertion

Related study phase

 ☒ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
goal and scope definition inventory analysis (LCI) impact assessment (LCIA) interpretation reporting

Relevant for
new buildings existing buildings building products screening LCA simplified LCA complete LCA
Provisions Preprocessing should be considered in the context of a complete LCA. The manufacture of prefabricated building products should be included in Modules A1–A3, and their transport in Module A4. The impacts related to their installation (waste, machinery etc.) should be included in Module A5.
Rules from:
 EN 15978: 8.5 Scenarios for the construction process stage (Modules A4-A5)
Guidance
 The practitioner should use detailed calculation for a complete LCA, based on specific data (e.g. EPD information for Module A5).

7.1. Overview

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This chapter addresses aspects that are related to life cycle stage B. The aspects of this chapter all provide provisions, rules and guidance for the goal and scope definition and the inventory analysis steps according to [ISO 14040] and [ISO 14044].

The following list describes the addressed aspects in Module B.

7      Aspects concerning Module B – Use stage

  • 7.1     Overview
  • 7.2  Module B1 – Use.
  • 7.3  Module B2 – Maintenance.
  • 7.4  Module B3 – Repair
  • 7.5  Module B4 – Replacement
  • 7.6  Module B5 – Refurbishment
  • 7.7  Module B6 – Operational energy use.
  • 7.8  Module B7 – Operational water use.
  • 7.9  Module B – Other aspects not related to a single life cycle stage.

Back to EeBGuide Guidance Document Part B: BUILDINGS

7.1 Overview

Written on .

This chapter addresses aspects that are related to life cycle stage B. The aspects of this chapter all provide provisions, rules and guidance for the goal and scope definition and the inventory analysis steps according to [ISO 14040] and [ISO 14044].

The following list describes the addressed aspects in Module B.

7      Aspects concerning Module B – Use stage